1–10: Basics of Educational Psychology Educational psychology is the branch of psychology that deals with: A) Adult behavior B) H...
1–10: Basics of Educational Psychology
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Educational psychology is the branch of psychology that deals with:
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A) Adult behavior
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B) Human relationships
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✅ C) Human learning in educational settings
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D) Social development
Explanation: Educational psychology focuses on understanding how people learn and retain knowledge in academic settings.
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The father of educational psychology is:
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A) Jean Piaget
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✅ B) Edward Thorndike
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C) John Dewey
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D) B.F. Skinner
Explanation: Thorndike is known for applying psychological principles to education, making him the pioneer in this field.
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Which method is most commonly used in educational psychology?
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A) Introspection
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B) Observation
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✅ C) Experimental method
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D) Case study
Explanation: Experiments help test theories of learning and development in controlled environments.
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The Law of Effect was proposed by:
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✅ A) Edward Thorndike
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B) B.F. Skinner
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C) Ivan Pavlov
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D) Albert Bandura
Explanation: The Law of Effect states that behaviors followed by pleasant outcomes are likely to be repeated.
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Which learning theory focuses on stimulus-response associations?
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A) Constructivism
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B) Humanism
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✅ C) Behaviorism
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D) Cognitivism
Explanation: Behaviorism centers on observable behavior and external stimuli.
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Which psychologist proposed the stages of cognitive development?
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A) Skinner
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✅ B) Piaget
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C) Bandura
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D) Vygotsky
Explanation: Piaget's theory describes how children's thinking evolves in stages.
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Vygotsky introduced the concept of:
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A) Operant conditioning
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✅ B) Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)
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C) Classical conditioning
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D) Schema
Explanation: ZPD is the gap between what a learner can do alone and with help.
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Which approach emphasizes self-actualization?
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A) Behaviorism
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✅ B) Humanism
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C) Cognitivism
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D) Psychoanalysis
Explanation: Humanistic psychology, such as Maslow’s theory, emphasizes personal growth.
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Who developed the hierarchy of needs?
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A) Carl Rogers
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✅ B) Abraham Maslow
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C) Erik Erikson
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D) John Dewey
Explanation: Maslow's hierarchy ranks needs from basic to self-fulfillment.
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Which psychologist is known for social learning theory?
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A) Thorndike
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B) Piaget
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✅ C) Albert Bandura
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D) Skinner
Explanation: Bandura emphasized learning through observation and imitation.
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Which of the following is a principle of operant conditioning?
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A) Stimulus generalization
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✅ B) Reinforcement
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C) Unconditioned response
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D) Extinction
Explanation: Reinforcement increases the likelihood of a behavior being repeated.
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Who emphasized the role of reinforcement in learning?
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A) Pavlov
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✅ B) B.F. Skinner
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C) Piaget
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D) Erikson
Explanation: Skinner developed operant conditioning, highlighting reinforcement.
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Which of the following is NOT a stage in Piaget’s cognitive development?
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A) Sensorimotor
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✅ B) Pre-operational operations
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C) Concrete operational
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D) Formal operational
Explanation: The correct stage is “Preoperational,” not “Pre-operational operations.”
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According to Erikson, adolescence is characterized by the conflict of:
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A) Autonomy vs. Shame
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✅ B) Identity vs. Role Confusion
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C) Initiative vs. Guilt
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D) Intimacy vs. Isolation
Explanation: This stage focuses on exploring and forming personal identity.
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Classical conditioning was discovered by:
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✅ A) Ivan Pavlov
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B) Skinner
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C) Bandura
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D) Vygotsky
Explanation: Pavlov’s experiments with dogs laid the foundation for classical conditioning.
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Which of the following is an example of intrinsic motivation?
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A) Getting a reward
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B) Praise from teacher
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✅ C) Enjoying the learning process
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D) Earning grades
Explanation: Intrinsic motivation comes from internal satisfaction.
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Scaffolding is a teaching strategy based on whose theory?
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A) Skinner
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✅ B) Vygotsky
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C) Piaget
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D) Maslow
Explanation: Scaffolding supports students within their Zone of Proximal Development.
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According to Bloom’s taxonomy, “evaluating” belongs to:
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A) Lower-order thinking
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✅ B) Higher-order thinking
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C) Knowledge domain
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D) Affective domain
Explanation: Evaluation is a higher-level cognitive process.
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The purpose of formative assessment is to:
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✅ A) Monitor student learning during instruction
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B) Assign final grades
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C) Determine class ranking
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D) Conduct entrance tests
Explanation: Formative assessments help improve learning while it’s happening.
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Which one of the following is not a component of learning?
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A) Motivation
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B) Reinforcement
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✅ C) Punishment
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D) Retention
Explanation: Punishment doesn’t promote learning; it suppresses behavior.
21–30: Intelligence, Motivation, Assessment
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Howard Gardner proposed the theory of:
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A) Emotional Intelligence
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✅ B) Multiple Intelligences
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C) Fluid Intelligence
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D) Crystallized Intelligence
Explanation: Gardner proposed different types of intelligences like musical, logical, etc.
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Emotional intelligence includes all EXCEPT:
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A) Self-awareness
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✅ B) IQ score
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C) Empathy
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D) Managing emotions
Explanation: Emotional intelligence goes beyond IQ.
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Which test measures intelligence?
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✅ A) Stanford-Binet
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B) Rorschach
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C) MMPI
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D) TAT
Explanation: Stanford-Binet is a widely used intelligence test.
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Which type of motivation arises from external rewards?
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✅ A) Extrinsic
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B) Intrinsic
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C) Biological
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D) Emotional
Explanation: Extrinsic motivation is driven by outside benefits like prizes or money.
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The term "IQ" stands for:
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A) Intelligence Quota
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✅ B) Intelligence Quotient
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C) Intelligent Quality
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D) Internal Quotient
Explanation: IQ is a numerical expression of intelligence.
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A child who learns best by doing is likely a:
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A) Visual learner
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B) Auditory learner
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✅ C) Kinesthetic learner
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D) Analytical learner
Explanation: Kinesthetic learners prefer hands-on experiences.
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Which is a standardized test?
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✅ A) SAT
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B) Group discussion
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C) Oral quiz
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D) Class presentation
Explanation: Standardized tests have uniform procedures and scoring.
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The main goal of summative assessment is to:
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A) Improve teaching
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✅ B) Evaluate learning at the end
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C) Identify strengths
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D) Build motivation
Explanation: It measures what students have learned after instruction.
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Learning disabilities affect:
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A) Intelligence
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✅ B) Specific learning processes
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C) Vision only
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D) Hearing only
Explanation: LDs impact specific areas like reading or math, not general intelligence.
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Which term refers to adapting instruction to meet individual needs?
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✅ A) Differentiation
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B) Integration
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C) Evaluation
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D) Direct instruction
Explanation: Differentiated instruction tailors teaching for diverse learners.
31–40: Classroom Management & Teaching Techniques
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Effective classroom management involves:
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A) Yelling at students
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✅ B) Setting clear expectations
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C) Giving more homework
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D) Ignoring misbehavior
Explanation: Clear rules and routines help create a productive environment.
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A teacher uses peer tutoring to help weak students. This is an example of:
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A) Punishment
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B) Drill method
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✅ C) Cooperative learning
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D) Traditional method
Explanation: Students help each other in cooperative learning.
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Which is a technique for behavior modification?
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✅ A) Token economy
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B) Lecture
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C) Punishment
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D) Quiz
Explanation: Token economy reinforces desired behavior with tokens that can be exchanged.
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Which is the best way to motivate students?
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A) Strict rules
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✅ B) Engaging teaching methods
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C) More homework
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D) Frequent punishments
Explanation: Interesting, relevant content motivates learners.
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Which method promotes critical thinking?
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✅ A) Problem-solving
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B) Memorization
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C) Rote learning
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D) Copying from board
Explanation: Problem-solving encourages students to analyze and evaluate.
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Which is not a characteristic of a good teacher?
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A) Patience
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B) Communication skills
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✅ C) Authoritarian attitude
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D) Subject knowledge
Explanation: Authoritarian behavior hinders learning and trust.
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A teacher gives students real-life projects. This promotes:
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A) Rote learning
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B) Memorization
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✅ C) Experiential learning
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D) Punishment
Explanation: Real-life tasks enhance learning through experience.
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Which is the most suitable method for slow learners?
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✅ A) Individualized instruction
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B) Lecture
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C) Dictation
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D) Group debate
Explanation: One-on-one support helps slow learners catch up.
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An extroverted student prefers:
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✅ A) Group activities
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B) Working alone
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C) Reading silently
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D) Listening only
Explanation: Extroverts enjoy social and interactive learning.
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Which factor affects classroom learning the most?
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A) Classroom size
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✅ B) Teacher-student interaction
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C) Lighting
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D) Board color
Explanation: Good interaction builds understanding and motivation.
41–50: Application & Evaluation
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Which domain does 'attitude' belong to in Bloom’s taxonomy?
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A) Cognitive
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✅ B) Affective
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C) Psychomotor
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D) Reflective
Explanation: The affective domain deals with feelings and attitudes.
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Learning styles theory was developed by:
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A) Maslow
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✅ B) Kolb
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C) Dewey
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D) Gardner
Explanation: Kolb proposed experiential learning styles: active, reflective, etc.
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Feedback is effective when it is:
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A) Delayed
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B) Vague
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✅ C) Immediate and specific
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D) Negative
Explanation: Prompt and clear feedback improves performance.
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Which is NOT an example of positive reinforcement?
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A) Giving praise
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✅ B) Taking away playtime
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C) Giving stickers
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D) Offering extra credit
Explanation: Taking away something is a form of punishment, not reinforcement.
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Which theory supports learning by observation?
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A) Behaviorism
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✅ B) Social learning theory
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C) Constructivism
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D) Humanism
Explanation: Bandura’s theory highlights modeling and imitation.
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Teachers can promote metacognition by:
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✅ A) Encouraging students to reflect on their thinking
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B) Giving multiple-choice tests only
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C) Avoiding discussions
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D) Teaching only content
Explanation: Metacognition means thinking about one's own thinking.
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Which of the following is an example of active learning?
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A) Silent reading
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✅ B) Group discussion
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C) Dictation
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D) Note copying
Explanation: Active learning involves participation and collaboration.
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The concept of transfer of learning means:
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✅ A) Applying learned knowledge in new situations
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B) Memorizing answers
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C) Learning unrelated topics
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D) Giving tests
Explanation: Transfer helps learners use knowledge in real life.
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Which is a psychomotor domain activity?
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A) Writing an essay
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B) Solving a math problem
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✅ C) Performing a science experiment
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D) Reflecting on a topic
Explanation: Psychomotor skills involve physical movement and coordination.
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Which is a barrier to effective learning?
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✅ A) Anxiety and fear
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B) Curiosity
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C) Motivation
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D) Interest
Explanation: Anxiety hampers focus, retention, and performance.
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