Principles of Inheritance and Variation MCQ Multiple Choice Questions with Answers
1. Organisms phenotypically similar but genetically different are…?
a. Heterozygous
b. Homozygous
c. Monozygous
d. Multizygous
Answer: a. Heterozygous
2. Epicanthus is the symptom of…?
a. Haploidy
b. Heteroploidy
c. Down’s syndrome
d. Turner’s syndrome
Answer: c. Down’s syndrome
3. Who is known as the father of genetics?
a. Charles Darwin
b. Gregor Mendel
c. Watson
d. Bateson
Answer: b. Gregor Mendel
4. An arrangement of chromosomes from a cell-based on their shape, size, and position of their centromeres is known as…?
a. Genotype
b. Phenotype
c. Karyotype
d. Pedigree chart
Answer: c. Karyotype
5. How many nucleotides in messenger RNA’s sequence make a codon for an amino acid?
a. 3
b. 4
c. 2
d. 5
Answer: a. 3
6. A gene located on the Y chromosome and hence transmitted from father to son is known as…?
a. Sex-linked gene
b. Sex-limited gene
c. Holandric gene
d. Duplicate gene
Answer: c. Holandric gene
7. Improvement of genetic characters and present generation on the basis of best nutrition and training is known as…?
a. Eugenics
b. Euthenics
c. Euphenic
d. Gerontology
Answer: b. Euthenics
8. The number of different types of gametes produced from a plant with genotype AaBbCc is…?
a. 2
b. 8
c. 4
d. 16
Answer: b. 8
9. What is the relationship between the distance of genes and the percentage of recombination?
a. No relationship
b. A direct relationship
c. An inverse relationship
d. A parallel relationship
Answer: b. A direct relationship
10. Which cell division is responsible for recombination and variations?
a. Mitosis
b. Fertilization
c. Meiosis
d. Amitosis
Answer: c. Meiosis
11. Genetic constitution of an organism is known as…?
a. Phenotype
b. Genotype
c. Trait
d. Allele
Answer: b. Genotype
12. Which of the following is an alternate form of a gene?
a. DNA
b. RNA
c. Alternative gene
d. Alleles
Answer: d. Alleles
13. The genotype which consists of only one type of allele is known as…?
a. Homozygous
b. Heterozygous
c. Monoallelic
d. Unialletic
Answer: a. Homozygous
14. What is the specific position of a gene on the chromosome called?
a. Phenotype
b. Junction
c. Locus
d. Genotype
Answer: c. Locus
15. An expressed character in hybrid is known as…?
a. Epistasis
b. Recessive
c. Dominant
d. Co-dominant
Answer: c. Dominant
16. Which of the following is an X-linked recessive trait?
a. Colour blindness
b. Sickle cell anemia
c. Down’s syndrome
d. Turner’s syndrome
Answer: a. Colour blindness
17. In most multicellular organisms, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is inherited from which of the following?
a. DNA
b. Mother
c. Father
d. Mother and Father
Answer: b. Mother
18. Where are genes for cytoplasmic male sterility in plants located?
a. Nuclear genome
b. Chloroplast genome
c. Cytosome
d. Mitochondrial genome
Answer: d. Mitochondrial genome
19. Choose the correct trait that “overpowers” and hide another trait:
a. Mutant trait
b. Overpowering trait
c. Recessive trait
d. Dominant Trait
Answer: d. Dominant Trait
20. Gregor Mendel formulated the law of purity of gametes on the basis of…?
a. Dihybrid cross
b. Back cross
c. Monohybrid cross
d. Test cross
Answer: c. Monohybrid cross
21. Which of the following biologist proposed the theory of inheritance of acquired characters?
a. Darwin
b. Charles Lyell
c. Lamarck
d. Georges Cuvier
Answer: c. Lamarck
22. The double lines in the pedigree analysis are the indication of…?
a. Sex unspecified
b. Consanguineous mating
c. Normal mating
d. Unaffected offspring
Answer: b. Consanguineous mating
23. How many types of gametes may be produced by the DdEeFf genotype?
a. 11
b. 8
c. 3
d. 27
Answer: b. 8
24. Which of the following is the example of extranuclear inheritance?
a. Maternal inheritance
b. Organelle inheritance
c. Plastid inheritance
d. All of these
Answer: d. All of these
25. The total of all harmful and lethal genes which are present in individuals are known as…?
a. Genetic load
b. Lethal Gene
c. Genetic drift
d. Gene pool
Answer: a. Genetic load
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