International Law MCQs, 1985
Write the correct Answers:
A. The father of International Law is considered to be:
1: Suarez
2: Pufendorf
3: Hugo Grotius
4: Openheim
B: The Vienna convention on Diplomatic Relations was adopted in:
1: 1815
2: 1958
3: 1961
4: 1963
C. The International court of justice was established:
1: 1907
2: 1919
3: 1945
D. A state has the right to use force in case of:
1: To obtain raw materials
2: To ensure the the protection of human rights
3: Armed attack
E. Foreign warships have:
1: The right of free passage in the territorial waters
2: Are not allowed to navigate in the Territorial waters
3: The right of innocent passage in the Territorial waters.
F. A state has the right to exploit in the continental shelf:
1: Living resources
2: Non-Living resources
3: Both Living and non-Living resources
G. The principle of rebus sic stantibus means:
1: A State cannot use force
2: There is not a crime without Law
3: Fundamental change of circumstances
4: A treaty must be adhered to faithfully
H. A diplomatic agent is immuned from local jurisdiction:
1: In all cases
2: Criminal cases
3: In cases involving personal property
I. Extradition is normally granted:
1: In all cases
2: In criminal cases
3: In civil cases
J. The term of Judges of International court of justice is:
1: Three years
2: Five years
3: Six years
4: Nine years
K. Harmon Doctrine means:
1: A State cannot interfere in internal affairs of other states
2: A State is not bound to recognize a government installed by a foreign power
3: A State has absolute right over the water resources of an international river within its own territory.
4: A State has the right to use power to protect its nationals
L. A State enjoys immunity from the jurisdiction of foreign jurisdiction of foreign courts:
1: All cases
2: Public Cases
3: Private cases
M. The International Law Commission is a body to:
1: Investigate situations which may threaten international peace and security
2: Codify International Law
3: Conciliate between/among the disputing states
4: Constitute an arbitration tribunal for the pacific settlement of a dispute.
N. The principle of jus oogens means:
1: A peremptory norm of International Law
2: A State is bound by the provisions of a forced treaty
3: A successor State is bound by the acts, of a predecessor State.
O. Diplomatic asylum means:
1: A diplomatic agent seeking asylum in the receiving state
2: Asylum provided by a diplomatic mission
3: Asylum provided to a political leader by foreign State.
P. Nationalization of foreign property is:
1: A State cannot nationalize foreign property
2: A State can nationalize foreign property without compensation
3: A State can nationalize foreign property with compensation
Q. The first case taken-up by the international court of justice was:
1: Nationality decrees in Tunis and Morocco
2: Lighthouse in Crete and Samos
3: Corfu channel
4: Asylum case
R. The Universal Declaration of human rights was adopted in:
1: 1776
2: 1795
3: 1917
4: 1945
5: 1948
6: 1966
S. The Schooner exchange case dealt with the principle of:
1: A State has sovereign right over its natural resources
2: A State's right of reprisal in case of violation of rights
3: A State's courts have to accept the validity of a foreign State's acts.
4: A government is free to seek military assistance from a friendly State.
T. The Estrada Doctrine relates to:
1: Delimitation of boundaries
2: Recognition of a government
3: Jurisdiction over aliens
4: Recognition of a State
International Law MCQs 1986
Write the correct answer:
(A) The doctrine, which accepted the "Law of Nature" as an independent source of rules of the law of nations, was propounded by:
1: Bodin
2: Machiavelli
3: Hobbes
4: Grotius
(B) The permanent court of arbitration was established by:
1: The Hague Conferences of 1899 and 1907
2: The Washington Naval Conference of 1922
3: The Vienna Conference of 1968-69
4: The Geneva Convention of April 29, 1958.
(c) "International Law is not true Law but positive international morality only". Who said it?
1: Pufendof
2: Austin
3: Bentham
4: Pollock
(D) "Treates are the supreme law of the land". Where is it laid down?
1: Constitution of USA
2: UN Charter
3: Statute of the ICJ
4: British Constitution
(E) When was Monroe Doctrine originally announced?
1: 1623
2: 1723
3: 1823
4: 1923
(F) A Vasal State is:
1: One which is completely under the suzerainty of another State
2: One which is supposed to exist in every vessel of the State, on the high seas.
3: A Protectorate
4: A State which is a member of common wealth
(G) A Condominium is :
1: A State of Chaos
2: A State enjoying Dominion status
3: A particular territory over which joint dominion is exercised by two or more external powers.
4: A State with a Federal form of Constitution
(H) ANZUS stands for:
1: African National Zest Under Sovereignty
2: Association for security purpose of Australia, New Zealand and the United States.
3: Afghan National Zealous United Struggle
4: All Nigerian Zambian Ugandan Society
(I) IAEA is used for:
1: International Atomic energy Agency
2: Islamic aid from Emirates for Afghanistan
3: International agency for Ethiopian Aid
4: Imperial Agency for Europ and Asia.
(J) What is Contraband?
1: All Narcotics
2: Articles banned by a government
3: All Smuggled material
4: Goods which may assist an enemy in the conduct of war.
International Law MCQs 1987
Write the correct answers:
A. The principle of exhaustion of local remedies is related to:
1: The immunities of a political agent
2: State responsibility
3: Extradition of foreign criminals
B. The headquarters of The United Nations is located at:
1: Geneva
2:Vienna
3: New York
4: Washington
5: Rome
6: Paris.
C. The permanent Court of International Justice has its headquarter at:
1: London
2: Hamburg
3: Luxembourg
4: Geneva
5: The Hague
6: Nowhere
D. The headquarters of ICAO are located at:
1: Vienna
2: New York
3: Nairobi
4: Montreal
E. An agreement between a State and a multinational corporation
1: A Treaty
2: Not a treaty
F. A member of the International Law Commission is:
1: Appointed by his state
2: Appointed by the UN secretary-General
3: Elected by the general assembly
G. The term of a member of the International Law Commission is:
1: 3 years
2: 5 Years
3: 7 Years
4: 9 years
H. A candidate for the International court of justice is nominated by:
1: The National Government
2: The National group
3:The president of the permanent court of arbitration .
I. A Judge of the ICJ is elected by:
1: The general assembly
2: The security council
3: Both the general assembly and the Security council
J, The Security council consists of:
1: 15 members
2: 5 members
3: 9 members
4: 34 members
5: 54 members
K. An ad-hoc judge of the ICJ is:
1: Elected by General Assembly
2: Elected by the Security Council
3: Appointed by the Secretary General
4: Appointed by the State
L. Tobar doctrine is related to:
1: The Cognition of a State
2: The recognition of a Government
3: The recognition of insurgents.
M. The Vienna convention of consular relations was adopted in:
1: 1815
2: 1961
3: 1963
4: 1969
5: 1975
6: 1978
N. The territorial waters of State may extend up to:
1: 3 miles
2: 6 miles
3: 9 miles
4: 12 miles
5: 24 miles
6: 50 miles
7: 200 miles
O. A land-locked State:
1: Cannot fly its own flag
2: Can fly its own flag
3: Can fly its flag with the flag of another State
P. The definition of aggression was adopted in:
1: 1989
2: 1907
3: 1919
4: 1928
5: 1945
6: 1974
7: 1983
Q. The baseline is line from which the limits of:
1: Air space are measured
2: Maritime zones are measured
3: The land frontiers of the two States are demarcated.
R. The theory of absolute territorial sovereignty:
1: Allows a State to have absolute jurisdiction over all foreigners.
2: Advocates for exclusive right of the territorial State over water resources of an international river.
3: Entitles a State to exercise exclusive jurisdiction over foreign ships.
S. The doctrine of " inter-temporal law":
1: Means that in case of conflict between Municipal Law and International Law, the latter will prevail.
2: Relates to the question of application of different legal systems prevailing at successive periods.
3: Means that the principle of natural justice take precedence over other rules.
T. The eastern Greenland case rose between:
1: Norway and the U.K
2: Norway and Denmark
3: Norway and Iceland
4: Denmark and Germany.
International Law MCQs, 1988
Write correct answers:
1. Who is the president of the International court of justice?
a: Muhammad Haleem
b: William Rehaquist
c: Nagendra Singh
d: Hisashi Owada 2. Who is the present president of World peace through Law center:
a: Charles S Rhyne
b: Warren E Burger
c: Perez de Cueller
3. How often in a year is the "American Journal of International " published?
a: Annually
b: Quarterly
c: Monthly
4. Where is the secretariat of American Society of International Law located?
a: San Francisco
b: Ann Arbor
c: New Jersey
d: Washington DC
5. Where from is "The International Law and Comparative Law quarterly" published?
a: London
b: New York
c: Paris
d: Tokyo
e: Beijing
6. When was the UN charter of human Rights adopted?
a: December 10, 1945
b: December 10, 1948
c: December 10, 1951
7. When did the General Assembly of the United nations adopted the charter of economics rights and duties of States?
a: December 12, 1974
b: December 12, 1980
c: December 12, 1987
8. The diplomatic Conference on Humanitarian Law was held in:
a: 1974
b: 1975
c: 1976
9. The convention on the settlement of investment Disputes between States and Nationals of other States came into force on:
a: October 14, 1966
b: October 14, 1967
c: October 14, 1968
10. The declaration on the Elimination of all Forms of Intolerance and Discrimination Based on Religion or Belief was adopted at the United Nations by consensus in:
a: 1981
b: 1982
c: 1983
11. The Hague Convention on the Taking of Evidence Abroad in Civil or commercial Matters (The Hague Evidence Convention) was done on:
a: March 18, 1970
b: March 18, 1975
c: March 18, 1988
12. The protocol for the suppression of unlawful acts of violence at Airports serving International Civil Aviation was done on:
a: February 24, 1988
b: February 24, 1978
c: February 24, 1968
13. The United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea was held at Geneva in:
a: 1958
b: 1959
c: 1960
14. The second session of the United Nations Committee on economics, social and cultural Rights was held at Geneva in:
a: February 1988
b: February 1987
15. The Convention for the protection of Ozone Layer was done on:
a: March 22, 1985
b: March 22, 1987
c: March 22, 1988
16. What do these acronyms stand for?
WIPO: World Intellectual Property Organization
GATT: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
ICAO: International Civil Aviation Organization
IBRD: International Bank of Reconstruction for Development
UNESCO: United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization
International Law MCQs 1991
Which one is correct :
A.
(i). International law imposees duty on states to recognise a state.
(ii). Recognition of state is a matter of legal duty.
(iii). The political indipendence of a state is indipedent of recognition.
(iv). The existence of a state depends on recognition .
B.
(i). A Costal state can exercise Jurisdiction on any crime on the board of a foreign vessel passing through the territorial sea.
(ii). A Costal state may arrest or divert a foreign vessel passing through its territory.
(iii). A Costal state can exercise jurisdiction on a foreign vessel if the consequences of the crime extend beyond the vessel.
(iv). A state has absolute jurisdiction over a foreign vessel in its territorial water.
C.
(i). Retorsion is a legal act.
(ii). Retorsion is legal act but delibeately unfriendly.
(iii). Retorsion is limited to retaliation.
(iv). Retorsion is a discourtious act.
D.
(i). A state has the legal right to go to water.
(ii). A state can wage war only in self-defence.
(iii). War in all circumstances is prohibited by International Law.
(iv). A State can go to war to redress the wrong done to its nationals .
International Law MCQs 1992
Write short notes on the principles enshrined in the statement you feel is correct in each of the four sections A,B,C and D.
(A)
i. Exhaustion of local remedy is to exhaust remedies available to a national in his own country.
ii. Exhaustion of local remedy is to exhaust remedies available to an aline resident in the state of his temporary domicile.
iii. Exhaustion of local remedies is to exhaust remedies available to an individual in the international courts and tribunals.
(B).
i. Defacto recognition is extended where a government has not acquired sufficient stability.
ii. Defacto recognition is fullest form of recognition of a government established by Law.
iii. Defacto recognition is extended to International organisations.
(C).
i. Right of hot pursuit is available to a state's air force to pursue a foreign aircraft for violation of its air space.
ii. Right of hot pursuit is available to a state's armed forces to pursue violation of its territorial sovereignty by the nationals or armed forces of foreign powers.
iii.Right of hot pursuit is available to a costal state to pursue onto the high seas a foreign vessel for infractions of its laws and regulations.
(D).
i. Extradition means expulsion of an alien who fears persecution in his own country.
ii. Extradition means delivery of an accused or a convicted person to the state in which he committed the offence.
iii. Extradition means expulsion of an alien for the violation of the laws of the state of temporary domicile.
International Law MCQs, 2000
(1) Provisions of Municipal Law:-
(a) are enforceable in international relations without any qualification
(b) are enforceable in international -relations if they are not in conflict with international law;
(c) are not at all enforceable in international relations.
(2) Select one of the following: -
(a) Public International Organizations are subjects of International Law;
(b) both Public and Private International organizations are subjects of International Law
(c) None of the above is subject of International Law.
(3) Foreign diplomatic envoys enjoy absolute immunity from local jurisdiction in;
(a) Civil matters;
(b) Criminal matters;
(c) both civil and criminal matters.
(4) The Right of innocent passage is available to:
(a) Foreign Aircrafts;
(b) Foreign ships;
(c) all foreign vehicles.
(5) Non-permanent members of the U.N. Security Council are elected for a period’ of:
(a) five years;
(b) three years;
(c) two years.
(6) A successor state is legally bound to:
(a) fulfill all the obligations of its predecessor state;
(b) only selected obligations;
(c) No obligation at all..,
(7) A lower riparian state:
(a) Has no right to share water resources of an International River;
(b) Has exclusive right
(c) Has right to share water on an equitable basis.
(8) The Charter of the U.N. was drawn up by:-
(a) London Declaration 1943.;
(b) Moscow and Tehran Conference1943;
(c) San Francisco Conference 1945.
(9) Universal Declaration on Human Rights was adopted in:
(a) 1978
(b) 1958
(c) 1948
(10) The judges of the I.C.J. are elected by:
(a) the U.N. Security Council
(b) the U.N. General Assembly
(c) both
(11) Territorial Waters are:
(a) Waters within the territorial limits of a state;
(b) Waters dividing the territory of two or more states;
(c) None of the above.
(12) A state is admitted to the membership of the’ U.N. by:
(a) the Security Council;
(b) the General Assembly;
(c) Both
(13) Advisory opinion from the I.C.J. can be sought by:
(a) the U.N.
(ii) the States
(c) Both
(14) A state is exempted from the jurisdiction of the local courts in another state:
(a) if an agreement has been made to that effect;
(b) by virtue of its sovereign status;
(c) if such an exemption is granted by the local authorities.
(i5) The offence of piracy is subject to the jurisdiction of:
(a) the flag state;
(b) the offenders state
(c) all the states.
(16) A Continental Shelf is situated beneath the sea level at the approximate depth of:
(a) 200 meters
(b) 300 meters
(c) 500 meters
(17) Foreign sovereign ships sailing/anchoring in the coastal waters of another state are:
(a) subject to the law of the flag state;
(b) subject to the law of the coastal state;
(c) subject to the law of both states.
(18) In case an alien is injured in a foreign state, it is the right of the:
(a) injured alien to bring a claim against the wrongdoer state before arrival international forum;
(b) state of the nationality of the injured alien;
(c) none of the two has aright to do so.
(19) Extradition is the process of: -
(a) providing asylum to the person who needs it;
(b) handing over a person accused or convict of a crime by a state to the demanding state;
(c) None of the two.
(20) The Economic and Social Council is:
(a) a specialized agency of the U.N.
(b) an organ of the U.N.
(c) N.G.O. for the uplift of economic and social standards of the people of the world.
International Law MCQs, 2001
(1) Subject of International Law are:
(a) States
(b) Individuals
(c) Both
(d) None of these
(2) The General Assembly is:
(a) The Principle Organ of UNO
(b) An ordinary Organ of UNO
(c) A check on the Security Council
(d) None of these
(3) League of Nations was not joined by:
(a) USA
(b) France
(c) UK
(d) None of these
(4) Judges of the ICJ are:
(a) Elected by the Security Council
(b) Elected by the General Assembly and the Security Council
(c) Appointed by the Secretary General in consultation with the five permanent members of the Security Council.
(d) None of these
(5) Under the Convention of the Law of the Sea, the breadth of the Territorial Sea is:
(a) 6 nautical miles
(b) 8 nautical miles
(c) 12 nautical miles
(d) None of these
(6) A state can use force:
(a) In its own defence
(b) By entering into a treaty with another state
(c) At its own discretion
(d) None of these
(7) Diplomatic relations are established by:
(a) Mutual agreement
(b) Unilateral action
(c) Decision of neighboring States
(d) None of these
(8) Rights of hand-locked states are governed by
(a) Rules of customary international law
(b) Convention on the Law of Sea
(c) Mutual Consent
(d) None of these
(9) Vienna Congress took place in:
(a) 1815
(b) 1919
(c) 1945
(d) None of these
(10) Universal Declaration of Human Rights was signed in:
(a) 1966
(b) 1968
(c) 1948
(d) None of these
(11) The United Nation is:
(a) A Supra-State organization
(b) A creation of Member States
(c) Has no link with States after its establishment
(d) None of these
(12) Territorial asylum is:
(a) An exercise of territorial sovereignty
(b) An impingement of territorial Sovereignty
(c) Granted by mutual consent
(d) None of these
(13) A state is
(a) Bound to recognize a new state
(b) Not bound to do so
(c) Requited to enter into dialog with the new state for recognition
(14) Minquires and Ecrehos case was decided by
(a) ICJ (1950)
(b) PCIJ
(c) Europe Court of Human Rights
(d) None of these
(15) The eruption of war termination:
(a) All treaties
(b) Only political treaties
(c) No treaty
(16) International Law can:
(a) Compel a state to settle a dispute
(b) Provide moral support to an issue in dispute
(c) Furnish legal substance to an issue in dispute
(d) None of these
(17) The concept of State immunity is:
(a) An attitude of territorial sovereignty
(b) A derogation-form the sovereignty of state
(c) Not concerned with territorial sovereignty
(d) None of these
(18) The Continuity of states us International Legal Persons is:
(a) Affected by change of government
(b) Not affected by change of government
(c) Depends of the recognition of new government
(d) None of these
(19) Harmon Doctrine is:
(a) Part of International Law
(b) Was renounced before it could take roots in International Law
(c) Is attempting to earn general acceptance
(d) None of these
(20) Vital change of circumstances
(a) Renders a treaty invalid
(b) Terminates the treaty
(c) Has no affect on the treaty
(d) None of these
International Law MCQs, 2002
(1) In Pakistan the limit of the territorial waters is:
(a) 24
(b) 12
(c) 36
(d) None of these
(2) A diplomatic agent is immune from local jurisdiction:
(a) In all cases
(b) In criminal cases
(c) In cases involving personal property
(d) None of these
(3) Haronon Doctrine means
(a) A state cannot interfere in the internal affairs of other States
(b) A state is not bound to recognize a government installed by a foreign power
(c) A State has the right to use force for the protection of its nationals.
(d) None of these
(4) The Universal Declaration of Human Rights was adopted in:
(a) 1917
(b) 1945
(c) 1948
(d) None of these
(5) Contiguous Zone in Pakistan is adjacent to and beyond the territorial waters and extending seawards to a time
(a) 12
(b) 24
(c) 48
(d) None of these
(6)The width of the partition belt is generally recognized to be
(a) 3 miles
(b) 5 miles
(c) 10 miles
(d) None of these
(7) The Estrada Doctrine relates to:
(a) Delimitation of boundaries
(b) Recognition of a government
(c) Recognition of a State
(d) None of these
(8) The term of judges of the International Court of Justice is:
(a) 3 years
(b) 5 years
(c) 9 years
(d) None of these
(9) Extradition is normally granted:
(a) In all cases
(b) In criminal cases
(c) In civil cases
(d) None of these
(10) Foreign ships
(a) are not allowed to navigate in the Territorial Waters
(b) have the right of innocent passage in the Territorial Waters
(c) have the right of free passage in the Territorial Waters
(d) None of these
(11) A State has the right to use force for
(a) Obtaining raw materials
(b) Creating the protection of human rights
(c) Armed attack
(d) None of these
(12) International Court of Justice was established in:
(a) 1945
(b) 1952
(c) 1956
(d) None of these
(13) The Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations was adopted in:
(a) 1945
(b) 1961
(c) 1962
(d) None of these
(14) The father of International Law is considered to be:
(a) Saurez
(b) Oppeahoin
(c) Grotius
(d) None of these
(15) A State has complete immunity from the jurisdiction of foreign courts in:
(a) All cases
(b) Public acts
(c) Private cases
(d) None of these
(16) International Law Commission is a body to:
(a) Investigate situations which may threaten international peace and security
(b) Codify International Law
(c) Conciliate between the disputing States
(d) None of these
(17) The first case taken up by the International Court of Justice was:
(a) Asylum case
(b) Nationality decree in Tunis
(c) Corfu Channel
(d) None of these
(18) A state
(a) Cannot nationalize foreign property
(b) Can nationalize foreign property without compensation
(c) Can nationalize foreign property after paying compensation
(d) None of these
(19) Diplomatic Asylum means
(a) A diplomatic agent seeking asylum in the receiving State
(b) Asylum provided by a diplomatic mission
(c) Asylum provided to a political leader by a foreign State
(d) None of these
(20) Minister Resident are
(a) Higher in rank than that of the Minister Plenipotentiary
(b) Lower in rank than that of the Minister Plenipotentiary
(c) Equal in rank to the Minister Plenipotentiary
(d) None of these
International Law MCQs, 2003
(1) A State has the right to exploit in the Continental Shelf:
(a) Living resources
(b) Non-living resources
(c) Both living and non-living resources
(d) None of these
(2) The principle of rebus sie steatibus means
(a) A state cannot use force
(b) There is no crime without a law
(c) Fundamental change of circumstances
(d) None of these
(3) The Schooner Exchange case dealt with the principle of
(a) A State has sovereign right over its neutral resources
(b) A State’s Courts have to accept the validity of a foreign State’s acts.
(c) A State’s right of reprisals in case of violation of rights
(d) None of these
(4) Hague Convention of 1970 dealt in properly with the crimes relating to:
(a) Refugees
(b) Prisoners of wars
(c) Hijacking
(d) None of these
(5) The Universal Declaration of Human Rights was adopted in:
(a) 1920
(b) 1945
(c) 1948
(d) None of these
(6) Contiguous Zone in Pakistan is adjacent to and beyond the territorial waters and extending seawards to a line:
(a) 12
(b) 24
(c) 60
(d) None of these
(7) De facto Recognition is
(a) Legal recognition
(b) Recognition in principle
(c) Circumstantial Recognition
(d) None of these
(8) The limit of the Territorial Waters of Pakistan is:
(a) 12 nautical miles
(b) 20 nautical miles
(c) 24 nautical miles; beyond the land territory and internal waters of Pakistan measured from the base line
(d) None of these
(9) Continental Shelf of Pakistan may extend upto a distance of
(a) 150 nautical miles
(b) 200 nautical miles
(c) 250 nautical miles
(d) None of these
(10) Exclusive Economic Zone of Pakistan is an area beyond and adjacent to the territorial waters the limit of which is
(a) 12 nautical miles
(b) 100 nautical miles
(c) 200 nautical miles
(d) None of these
(11) According to the “Floating island Theory”, a floating island is
(a) An island within 3 nautical miles from the coast of a country
(b) An island on the high seas which is not the territory of any particular State
(c) A ship bearing the national flag of a State
(d) None of these
(12) In procedural matters the decisions of the Security Council are made by an affirmative votes of any
(a) 5 members
(b) 9 members
(c) 15 members
(d) None of these
(13) Extradition is normally granted
(a) In all cases
(b) In civil cases
(c) In criminal cases
(d) None of these
(14) What is Contrabands?
(a) All narcotics
(b) Articles banned by a Government
(c) All smuggles goods
(d) Goods which may assist an enemy in the conduct of war
(e) None of these
(15) A state has the right to use force in case of
(a) To obtain war material
(b) Armed attack
(c) To ensure the protection of human rights
(d) None of these
(16) Diplomatic Asylum means
(a) A diplomatic agent seeking asylum in the receiving State
(b) Asylum provided by a diplomatic mission
(c) Asylum provided to a particular leader by a foreign State
(d) None of these
(17) The International Law Commission is a body to
(a) Investigate situation which may threats international peace and security
(b) Codify International Law
(c) Conciliate between/among the disputing States
(d) None of these
(18) The width of the maritime belt is generally recognize to be
(a) 3 miles
(b) 5 miles
(c) 10 miles
(d) None of these
(19) Foreign ships
(a) Are not allowed to navigate in the territorial waters
(b) Have the right of innocent passage in the territorial waters
(c) Have the right of free passage in the territorial waters
(d) None of these
(20) The Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations was adopted in
(a) 1945
(b) 1961
(c) 1971
(d) None of these
International Law MCQs, 2004
(1) The term of judges of International Court of Justice is
(a) Three years
(b) Five years
(c) Six years
(d) Nine years
(e) None of these
(2) When was the Charter of Human Rights adopted?
(a) 1945
(b) 1948
(c) 1951
(d) None of these
(3) Tobar Doctrine is related to
(a) The recognition of a state
(b) The recognition of a government
(c) The recognition of insurgents
(d) None of these
(4) Conference of Bogota was held in
(a) 1920
(b) 1936
(c) 1948
(d) None of these
(5) Vienna Conference of 1961 is related to
(a) Diplomatic inter course and immunities
(b) Prisoners-of-war
(c) Recognition of states
(d) None of these
(6) Who is called ‘the father of International Law’?
(a) Hago Grotius
(b) Oppenhein
(c) Suerez
(d) None of these
(7) Foreign warships have
(a) The right of free passage in the territorial waters
(b) The right of innocent passage in the territorial waters
(c) To stay in the territorial waters
(d) None of these
(8) A landlocked state is
(a) Surrounded by water from all sides
(b) Surrounded by enemy states from all sides
(c) Surrounded by land from all sides
(d) None of these
(9) Contiguous Zone is limited to a maximum of
(a) 25 miles (24 nautical mile )
(b) 50 miles
(c) 12 miles
(d) None of these
(10) The Alabama Claims Arbitration case was decided in
(a) 1872
(b) 1854
(c) 1890
(d) None of these
(11) The Convention for the protection of the Ozone Layer was done on
(a) March 22, 1985
(b) March 23, 1986
(c) March 24, 1987
(d) None of these
(12) Culvo Clause means
(a) A state can intervene on behalf of its nationals
(b) A state can’t intervene on behalf of its nationals
(c) An alien agrees not to seek the diplomatic protection of his own state
(d) None of these
(13) Diplomatic relations are established by
(a) Mutual consent
(b) A unilateral decision
(c) A decision of a regional organization
(d) None of these
(14) Eruption of war terminates
(a) All treaties
(b) No treaty
(c) Only political treaties
(d) None of these
(15) Foreign ships sailing and anchoring in the coastal waters of another state are
(a) Subject to the law of Flag State
(b) Subject to the law of Coastal State
(c) Subject to the law of both the States
(d) None of these
(16) Piracy is an offense within the jurisdiction of the
(a) Flag State
(b) Offenders State
(c) All the States
(d) None of these
(17) Territorial Waters are
(a) Water outside the territorial limits of a state
(b) Waters dividing territory of Two or more states
(c) Waters Adjacent to the contiguous Zone
(d) None of these
(18) Non-Permanent members of the Security Council are elected for a period of
(a) 7 years
(b) 3 years
(c) 2 years
(d) None of these
(19) The Montreal Convention for the safety of Civil Aviation was signed in
(a) 1975
(b) 1974
(c) 1971
(d) None of these
(20) Diplomatic staff enjoys complete immunity from
(a) Civil Jurisdiction
(b) Criminal Jurisdiction
(c) Both
(d) None of these
International Law MCQs, 2005
(1) Number of Judges of International Court of Justice is
(a) Nine
(b) Twelve
(c) Fifteen
(d) None of these
(2) Permanent Court of International Justice was established under
(a) League of Nations
(b) UNO
(c) European Union
(d) None of these
(3) Pacta Sunt Servanda means
(a) Treaties between states are to be respected
(b) An unwanted person
(c) International Law must be honoured
(d) None of these
(4):Headquarters of International Court of Justice is in
(a) Hague
(b) Geneva
(c) New York
(d) None of these
(5) Persona Non Gruta means
(a) Impracticable article of international law
(b) A fugitive criminal
(c) A person refused for asylum
(d) None of these
(6) Father of the Law of Nations is
(a) Grotius
(b) Hegel
(c) Anziloei
(d) None of these
(7) Principles Jes Soli means
(a) Grant of nationality on the basis of place birth
(b) Grant of nationality on the basis of blood relationship
(c) Grant of nationality through naturalization
(d) None of these
(8) Much of international law is derived through analogy from
(a) Islamic law
(b) Christian Law
(c) Roman law
(d) None of these
(9) Vienna Convention on Law of Treaties was signed in
(a) 1961
(b) 1945
(c) 1927
(d) None of these (1969)
(10) Truce mean
(a) A temporary arrangement between the belligerent parties for cessation of hostilities
(b) Any peace treaty to end a war
(c) No War Pact
(d) None of these
(11) Declaration is a treaty between the contracting parties which
(a) is always subject to ratification
(b) is not needed to be ratified
(c) may or not be subject to be ratification
(d) None of these
(12) Diplomatic Protection means a protection and security granted
(a) to a diplomat by UNO
(b) by a state to its national abroad
(c) by a State to a person seeking asylum
(d) None of these
(13) Kellog Briand Pact or Paris Peace Treaty was signed in
(a) 1945
(b) 1928
(c) 1919
(d) None of these
(14) Recognition of new States is a matter of
(a) International law
(b) Constitutional law
(c) Policy of the State
(d) None of these
(15) Grant of extra-territorial asylum in a legation:
(a) is a part of customary international law
(b) is a part of Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations 1961
(c) depends on circumstances
(d) None of these
(16) To get asylum in a foreign state by an individual
(a) is his basic right
(b) is not his right
(c) depends on circumstances
(d) None of these
(17) Diplomatic envoys in the receiving state are given immunity from
(a) Civil jurisdiction
(b) Criminal jurisdiction
(c) Both criminal and civil jurisdiction
(d) None of these
(18) Territorial sea of a State is under
(a) its total control
(b) its control, but subject to certain international obligations
(c) its control, only for exploration of mineral resources
(d) None of these
(19) Genocide Convention was adopted by the UN General Assembly in:
(a) 1945
(b) 1950
(c) 1960
(d) None of these
(20) Bynkershock principle is related to:
(a) Measurement of maritime belt
(b) Contiguous zone
(c) Extradition of criminals
(d) None of these
International Law MCQs, 2006
(1) principal of “double criminality” means that:
(a) the person who is being extradited must be tried in both the states
(b) the person who is being extradited must be tried in both the states but may be punished in one
(c) that the offence for which a person is extradited must be an offence in both the states
(d) none of these
(2) principal of “specialty” means that:
(a) the person extradited must be awarded special punishment by the requesting state
(b) the person extradited must not be awarded special punishment by the requesting state
(c) the person extradited must be punished only for the offence for which he has been extradited
(d) none of these
(3) features of international law include all except which of the following:
(a) there is no single legislative source of international law
(b) there is no single world court for interpreting international law
(c) there is no world executive branch that can enforce international laws
(d) none of these
(4)which of the following is not a source of international law?
(a) treaties and conventions
(b) custom
(c) judicial decisions and teachings
(d) none of these
(5)the United Nations is governed by all except which of the following?
(a) the general assembly
(b) the security council
(c) the secretariat
(d) none of these
(6)the group of European countries created to promote peace, security, economic and social unity is called the:
(a) European market
(b) European union
(c) European coalition
(d) None of these
(7)GATT is a multilateral treaty that:
(a) restricts trade among non-member countries
(b) imposes multiple trade barriers among its member nations
(c) establishes trade agreements and limited tariffs and trade restrictions
(d) None of these
(8) the oldest principal of international law is the doctrine of:
(a) sovereign immunity
(b) foreign dignitaries
(c) religious freedom
(d) none of these
(9) diplomatic envoys are absolutely immuned from which of the following jurisdictions:
(a) criminal jurisdiction
(b) civil jurisdiction
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of these
(10) which of the following is not an example of Extra-Territorial Asylum:
(a) asylum granted in a ship in high seas
(b) asylum granted in the premises of an international institution
(c) asylum granted in an embassy
(d) none of these
(11) universal declaration of human rights was passed in:
(a) Chicago
(b) London
(c) Berlin
(d) None of these (Paris 1948)
(12) “Continental Shelf” means:
(a) that portion of land which belongs to no state
(b) that portion of land on the South Pole which can be used by any state
(c) submerged bed of sea contiguous to a continental land mass
(d) none of these
(13) Vatican city is:
(a) a province of Italy
(b) is an independent state
(c) is not an independent state
(d) none of these
(14) the jurisdiction of the international court of justice:
(a) is binding on all the members of the UNO
(b) is not binding on all the members of the UNO
(c) is binding only upon the members of the SECURITY COUNCIL
(d) none of these
(15) a “Vassal State” is the one which is:
(a) situated on the sea shore
(b) an independent state
(c) under the suzerainty of another state
(d) none of these
(16) Confederation means:
(a) good diplomatic relation between some states
(b) union between some states
(c) relation between the provinces of a federal state
(d) none of these
(17) “Littoral State” means:
(a) situated on the sea coast
(b) an independent state
(c) under the suzerainty of another state
(d) none of these
(18) “Contiguous Zone” means:
(a) that portion of land which belongs to no state
(b) that portion of land on the South Pole which can be used by any state
(c) that portion of sea which is adjacent to territorial waters
(d) none of these
(19) “Maritime Belt” means:
(a) that portion of land which belongs to no state
(b) that portion of land on the South Pole which can be used by any state
(c) that portion of sea which is adjacent to the territory of a coastal state
(d) none of these
(20) “ Economic and Social Council”
(a) was an organ of the League of Nations
(b) is an organ of the WTO
(c) is an organ of UNO
(d) none of these
International Law MCQs, 2007
1. A state has the right to exploit in the Continental Shelf:
(a) living resources
(b) non-living resources
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of these
2. The principle of rabus sie stantibus means:
(a) a state cannot use force
(b) there is no crime without a law
(c) fundamental change of circumstances
(d) none of these
3. The Schooner Exchange case dealth with the principle of:
(a) a state has soverign right its natural resources
(b) A state courts have to accept the validity of a foreign state's acts
(c) a state's right of reprisals in case of violation of rights
(d) none of these
4. Hague convention of 1970 dealt in properly with the crimes realting to:
(a) refugees
(b) prisoners of war
(c) hijacking
(d) none of these
5. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights was adopted in:
(a) 1920
(b) 1945
(c) 1948
(d) none of these
6. Contiguous Zone in Pakistan is adjacent to and beyond the territorial waters and extending seawards to a line:
(a) 12 nautical miles
(b) 24 nautical miles
(c) 60 nautical miles measured from the base-line
(d) none of these
7. De facto recognition is:
(a) legal recognition
(b) recognition in principle
(c) circumstantial recognition
(d) none of these
8. The limit of territorial waters of Pakistan is:
(a) 12 nautical miles
(b) 20 nautical miles
(c) 24 nautical miles---beyond the land territory and internal waters of Pakistan, measired from the base-line
(d) none of these
9. Continental shelf of Pakistan may extend upto a distance of:
(a) 150 nautical miles
(b) 200 nautical miles
(c) 300 nautical miles----beyond the limits of its territorial waters
(d) none of these
10. Exclusive Economic Zone of Pakistan is an area beyond and adjacent to the territorial waters, the limit of which is:
(a) 12 nautical miles
(b) 100 nautical miles
(c) 200 nautical miles
(d) none of these
11.Select the correct one:
(a) only coastal states have the right to sail ships under their flags on the high seas
(b) every state has the right to sail ships under its flag on the high seas
(c)only five big powers have the right to sail ships under their flags on the high seas
(d) no state has the right to sail ships under their flags on the high seas
12. Convention on the Law os the Sea was signed at Jamaica in:
(a) 1948
(b) 1975
(c) 1982
(d) none of these
13. Statutes of International Courts of Justice were drawn up by:
(a) London Declaration in 1941
(b) Moscow and Tehran Conference in 1943
(c) San Francisco Conference in 1945
(d) none of these
14. According to the "floating island" theory, a "floating island" is:
(a) an island within three nautical miles from the coastof a country
(b) an island on the high seas, which is not the territory of any particular state
(c) a ship bearing the national flag of a state
(d) none of these
15.The Security Council is:
(a) Specialized agency of the U.N
(b) Principle organ of the U.N
(c) N.G.O. for settling disputes between various states
(d) none of these
16. In procedural matters, the decisions of the Security Council are made by the affirmative votes of any:
(a) 5 members
(b) 9 members
(c) 15 members
(d) none of these
17. Extradition is normally granted:
(a) in all cases
(b) in criminal cases only
(c) in civil cases only
(d) none of these
18. What is CONTRABAND?
(a) all narcautics
(b) articles banned by a government
(c) all smuggled goods
(d) Goods which may assist an enemy in the conduct of war
19. The term of Judges of the International Court of Justice is:
(a) 3 years
(b) 5 years
(c) 7 years
(d) 9 years
20. A diplomatic agent is immune from local jurisdiction:
(a) in all cases
(b) in criminal cases
(c) in cases involving personal property
(d) none of these
International Law MCQs, 2008
- Diplomatic protection is the protection which a state gives to:
(a) Its nations living abroad through its Embassies
(b) All diplomatic envoy on its own territory
(c) Its own diplomatic agents in the foreign states
(d) None of These - Pacta Sunt Servanda means:
(a) A diplomat not acceptable to the receiving state
(b) Agreement between states are to be respected
(c) A pact of ceasefire between the belligerent parties
(d) None of These - Briand Kellog Pact was meant to:
(a) End War between France and Britain
(b) Establish peace in western Europe
(c) Denounce war as an instrument for settling disputes.
(d) None of These - Treaty of Westphalia was signed in:
(a) 1658
(b) 1680
(c) 1776
(d) None of These(1648) - Permanent Court of International Justice was established in:
(a) 1919
(b) 1922
(c) 1915
(d) None of These - Srilankan High Commissioner in Islamabad, if found involved in a serious crime in Pakistan, can be
(a) Arrested by local police and put to trial
(b) Arrested and handed over to his home govt
(c) Asked to leave the country by the local authorities
(d) None of These - The Law of War and Peace was writtern by:
(a) Hegel
(b) Kelsen
(c) Grotius
(d) None of These - Permanent Cout of Arbitration was an outcome of:
(a) League of Nations
(b) UNO
(c) Hague Conference 1907
(d) None of These - Albama claims Arbitration Award 1872 established certain principles of:
(a) Nationality
(b) Neutrality
(c) Extradition
(d) None of These - The leader of positive school of thought was:
(a) Bynkershok
(b) Stark
(c) Extradition
(d) None of These - Contraband means:
(a) Things usable in war by one party against the other
(b) No war pact between the states parties
(c) Pact between the parties to stop the war temporarily
(d) None of These - In the continental Shelf the coastal has:
(a) The exclusive right over all resources
(b) The exclusive right over its living resources only
(c) Has The exclusive right over its non living resources
(d) None of These - Vienna Convention on Law of Treaties was signed in:
(a) 1961
(b) 1969
(c) 1975
(d) None of These - Territorial sea of a coastal state is:
(a) open for innocent passage of all type of foreign ships
(b) open for innocent passage of all except the fishing ships
(c) Reserved for vessels of the coastal states only
(d) None of These - Cabotage is:
(a) Part of the Sea prohibited for war activity by law
(b) No fly zone , determined by UN during war
(c) Intercourse by sea between two ports of the same state
(d) None of These - Principle of Jus Soli is:
(a) Granting nationality on the basis of place of birth
(b) Granting nationality on the basis of parentage
(c) invalidation of a treaty due to change in circumstances
(d) None of These - UN Declaration of Human Rights was passed in:
(a) 1945
(b) 1948 (December)
(c) 1949
(d) None of These - Re Meunier and Re Castioni cases are test cases for:
(a) Extradition of military offenders
(b) Extradition of political offenders
(c) Determining the enemy Status of aliens during war
(d) None of These - All international Treaties signed by the Us president are subject to ratification by the Us:
(a) Senate with 2/3 majority
(b) House of Representatives with 2/3 majority
(c) Congress with 2/3 majority
(d) None of These - Prize courts are:
(a) International Courts
(b) Municipal courts
(c) judicial tribunals under UNO
(d) None of These
International Law MCQs, 2009
Q.1. Select the best option/answer and fill in the appropriate box in the answer sheet.
1. One of the modes of acquiring state territory is:
(a) Jurisdicition
(b) occupation
(c) insurjency (d)
Non of these
2. The name of the present secretary general of the UN is:
(a) Kofi Anaan
(b) Boutros gali
(c) Ban ke Mon (d)
Non of these
3. The preamble to the universal declariation on human rights was adopted on:
(a) 12 jan 1949
(b) 10 Dec 1948
(c) 6th Aug 1947
(d) Non of these
4. The right of innocent passage means:
(a) right of a foreign merchant ship to pass un-hindered through the territorial sea of the cost
(b) Not to publicize dangers to navigation in the sea
(c) To over look regulations of marri-time traffic
(d) Non of these
5. The basic frame work for the nature and characteristics of treaties was defined in the:
(a) Vinnea convention on the law of treaties 1969
(b) Geneva connvention on the high seas 1958
(c) Vinnea convention on the law of treaties 1986
(d) Non of these
6. With drawal of recognition is more easily achieved with respect to:
(a) Defact recognition
(b) Collective Recognition
(c) Implied Recognition
(d) Non of these
7. The father of International Law is:
(a) David Dudley field
(b) Hugo Grotius
(c) Geremy bentham
(d) Non of these
8. Internal waters of a state are, such waters which are:
(a) found on the land-ward side of base line from which the territorial sea is measured.
(b) Adjusant to the exculsive fisheries zone.
(c) waters flowing into the high sea's
(d) Non of these
9. The doctrine of open sea was eloborated by:
(a) Blunt schilli
(b) Pufendorf
(c) Grotius
(d) Non of these
10. According to article 3 of the 1982 convention on the law of the sea the breadth of the territorial sea is:
(a) 10 miles
(b) 12 miles
(c) 14 miles
(d) Non of these
11. The term Men of War signifies:
(a) Military personal
(b) A warship
(c) An aircraft carrier
(d) Non of these
12. The number of judges constituting the international court of justice are:
(a) 15
(b) 12
(c) 10
(d) Non of these
13. Terra Nullius means:
(a) Island in the sea
(b) No territory
(c) Territory belonging to no state
(d) Non of these
14. The Acroniyum WMD stands for:
(a) Western missile defense
(b) Weapons of mass distruction(c) World metrological Department
(d) Non of these
15. Hot persuit is the principle designed to ensure:
(a) Vessiles voilating rules of coastal state cannot escape punishment by fleeing to high sea's
(b) Capture
(c) Cancellation of Registration
(d) Non of these
16. Piracy, according to law of sea convention 1982 is:
(a) An illegal act by crew of private ship on the high sea's.
(b) An act of sabotage
(c) Act permisible in certain cases
(d) Non of these
17. The general assembly of the UN is :
(a) The most powerful organ
(b) A supervisory body
(c) An elected House
(d) Non of these
18. The charter of the UN is a comprehensive document having:
(a) 112 articles
(b) 111 articles
(c) 108 articles
(d) Non of these
19. One of the amicable means of settling state disputes is:
(a) Concillation
(b) Blockade
(c) War
(d) Non of these
20. The bulk of the rules of International law are derived from:
(a) Judicial decisions
(b) work of publicites
(c) Customs
(d) Non of these
International Law MCQs, 2010
1) Consuls, in receiving state are considered representative of:
(a) Head of State
(b) The government
(c) Foreign Office
(d) None of these
2) International law is not a true law but a positive international morality:
(a) Brierly
(b) Oppenheim
(c) John Austin
(d) None of these
3) Who is known as father of International law?
(a) Jessup
(b) Grotious
(c) Hegal
(d) None of these
4) Albama claim arbritation determines the principles of:
(a) Extradition
(b) Nationality
(c) Neutrality
(d) None of these
5) Decision of arbritation is:
(a) Binding on parties
(b) Not binding
(c) Partially binding
(d) None of these
6) Indo-Pakistan conflict in 1965 was a:
(a) Non-war Armed conflict
(b) War
(c) Just border conflict
(d) None of these
7) Nationality of a women as a result of marriage with a foreigner is:
(a) Lost
(b) Changed
(c) Nothing is done
(d) None of these
8) Tashkent declaration between india and pakistan in 1966 by USSR was a:
(a) Conciliation
(b) Mediation
(c) Arbitration
(d) None of these
9) Geneva convention for POWs was signed in:
(a) 1949 (Also called 3rd Geneva)
(b) 1952
(c) 1945
(d) None of these
10) Armed attack on enemy fall under:
(a) Retortion
(b) Reprisal
(c) Intervention
(d) None of these
11) Briand-Kellog pact was signed in Paris in:
(a) 1923
(b) 1928(27 August 1928)
(c) 1945
(d) None of these
12) Universal declaration of Human rights was passed by:
(a) Geneva Convention
(b) Vienna Congress
(c) UN General Assembly in 1948
(d) None of these
13) Truce is:
(a) Agreement of ceasefire
(b) Peace treaty
(c) Agreement of exhange of Prisoners of War
(d) None of these
14) Concept of state will was first time given by:
(a) Hegel
(b) Grotious
(c) Bynkershoek
(d) None of these
15) If a pakistani citizen is involved in counterfeiting US currency, US can claim jurisdiction over him on the basis of principle of:
(a) Subjective Territoriality
(b) Objective Territoriality
(c) Exta Territoriality
(d) None of these
16) Charge' d Affairs, appointed in a foreign state has to report to:
(a) Head of State
(b) Head of government
(c) Foreign Office
(d) None of these
17) Charter of international crimincal court was adopted in:
(a) Rome conference 1998
(b) Geneva Convention
(c) General Assembly
(d) None of these
18) Genocide Convention 1951 protects the:
(a) smaller minority groups
(b) Prisoners of war
(c) Non-combatants
(d) None of these
19) Extradition means:
(a) Capurting a criminal
(b) Exchange of Diplomats
(c) Exchange of criminals to other states
(d) None of these
20) International court of justice can exercise its jurisdiction on:
(a) All disputes between states
(b) With concent of any one party
(c) With concent of all parties
(d) None of these
ss
International Law MCQs, 2011
Q.1. Select the best option /Answer and fill on the appropriate box on the answer Sheet.
(i) Pakistan became the member of UNO in:
(a) 1948
(b) 1947
(c) 1950
(d ) None of these
(ii) Articles of UN charter are:
(a) 115
(b) 111
(c) 120
(d) None of these
(iii) Which article of the statute of ICJ deals with the sources of international law?
(a) 36
(b) 40
(c) 38
(d) None of these
(iv) Secretary General of UNO is from?
(a) Russia
(b) Holland
(c) South Korea
(d) None of these
(V) Total members of UNO are:
(a) 180
(b) 192
(c) 150
(d) None of these
(vi) The Headquarter of International court of Justice is at:
(a) Geneva
(b) Hague
(c) New York
(d) None of these
(vii) Which article of the 1982 Convention on the Law of the Sea deals with the breadth of territorial sea?
(a) 4
(b) 7
(c) 3
(d) None of these
(viii) Who is called the father of the law of nations
(a) Jeremy Bentham
(b) Oppenheim
(c) Hugo Grotius
(d) None of these
(ix) The security Council takes enforcement measures with respect to threats to the peace under chapter:
(a) 5
(b) 7
(c) 9
(d) None of these
(x) Locarno Pact (1925) concluded between:
(a) UK, France , Germany ,Belgium and Italy
(b) Russia , USA, China , Canada and Brazil
(c) Australia, Newzeland, Portugal, Argentina and Peru
(d) None of these
(xi) De Jure Belli Ac Pacis (The Law of War and Peace) was written by:
(a) Vattel
(b) Bynkershoek
(c) Hugo Grotius
(d) None of these
(xii) The Nuremberg Trial were held at:
(a) Holland
(b) USSR
(c) Germany
(d) None of these
(xiii) Territorial Waters and Maritime Zones Act ,1976 of Pakistan contains articles:
(a) 20
(b) 17
(c) 14
(d) None of these
(xiv) "International law is not true law but a positive international Morality" , said
(a) John Auston
(b) Oppenheim
(c) Hagel
(d) None of these
(xv) The term International Law was first coined by:
(a) Hugo Grotius
(b) Jeremy Bentham
(c) Hagel
(d) None of these
(xvi) One of the Presidents of USA is called the father of the League of nations:
(a) Roosevelt
(b) Truman
(c) Wilson
(d) None of these
(xvii) Extradition means:
(a) Handing over a diplomat to other state
(b) Handing over a spy to other state
(c) Handing over a criminal to other state
(d) None of these
(xviii) Persona non grata means;
(a) Ungrateful Diplomat
(b) Inefficient Diplomat
(c) Undesirable Diplomat
(d) None of these
(xix) One of the forcible means of settling of states disputes is :
(a) Conciliation
(b) Retorsion
(c) Arbitration
(d) None of these
(xx) International Law Commission was established by the General Assembly in pursuance of which article pf UN Charter?
(a) 10
(b) 13
(c) 15
(d) None of these