From CSS Papers 2000 to 2013
Pair of Words from CSS year 2000
Need:
Meaning: require (something) because it is essential or very
important rather than just desirable:
Sentence: I need your help now
Knead:
Meaning: work (moistened flour or clay) into dough or paste
with the hands or massage or squeeze with the hands.
Sentence: She kneaded his back
Queue:
Meaning: a line of people, usually standing or in cars,
waiting for something
Sentence: There was a long queue of traffic stretching down
the road.
Cue:
Meaning: a signal for someone to do something
Sentence: They started washing up, so that was our cue to
leave the party.
Quarts:
Meaning: a unit of liquid measure of capacity.
Sentence: You spilled a quart of water on my table.
Quartz:
Meaning: a hard mineral consisting of silica, found widely
in igneous and metamorphic rocks.
Sentence: The rocks i have used contain some quartz, which
may help to create the effect we want.
Choral:
Meaning: of a chorus or a choir,
Sentence: Choral singing became a matter of national pride.
Coral:
Meaning: the hard, stony skeleton secreted by certain marine
polyps.
Sentence: What you will not find here are pristine corals.
Discrete:
Meaning: separate and distinct.
Sentence: These are discrete projects, and their funding
records should be kept separate.
Discreet:
Meaning: careful and prudent in one’s speech or actions,
especially in order to keep something confidential.
Sentence: Discreet silence over the matter.
Epic:
Meaning: An epic is a story or long poem telling the tale of
a fictional or historical hero.
Sentence: Epic tale that favors the bizarre.
Epoch:
Meaning: a period of time considered in terms of noteworthy
and characteristic events, developments, persons, etc
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Sentence: Epoch of the final decline of democracy.
Libel:
Meaning: Law a published false statement that is damaging to
a person’s reputation; a written defamation.
Sentence: He was found guilty of a libel on a Liverpool inspector of taxes.
Liable:
Meaning: legally bound or obligated, as to make good any
loss or damage that occurs in a transaction; responsible.
Sentence: Chief Officer should be vicariously liable for the
actions of their officers.
Mail:
Meaning: Postal material for a specific person or
organization.
Sentence: I have send
him a letter by air mail.
Male:
Meaning: Characteristic of or appropriate to this sex;
masculine
Sentence: The king had no male descendant.
Banned:
Meaning: something that is prohibited.
Sentence: The death penalty is banned in New
York and New Jersey .
Band:
Meaning: a group of people working together, particularly in
the field of music.
Sentence: 9 zero
Band's new album, i remember being instantly impressed.
Barred:
Meaning: provided with one or more bars
Sentence: Barred owls roosting by the side of the road!
Bard:
Meaning: an ancient person who composes and signs poems
about heroes and epic events.
Sentence: Bards of the time could recite, or chant, long
epic poems.
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Pair of Words from CSS year 2001
Brooch:
Meaning: a small piece of jewelry with a pin at the back
that is fastened to a woman's clothes
Sentence: She wore a small silver brooch.
Broad:
Meaning: very wide
Sentence: We walked down a broad avenue lined with trees.
Collision:
Meaning: an accident that happens when two vehicles hit each
other with force
Sentence: There has been a collision on the southbound
stretch of the motorway.
Collusion:
Meaning: agreement between people to act together secretly
or illegally in order to deceive or cheat someone
Sentence: It is thought that they worked in collusion with
the terrorist network.
Fain:
Meaning: glad; ready
Sentence: He is fain to do all things himself.
Feign:
Meaning: to pretend to feel something, usually an emotion
Sentence: You know how everyone feigns surprise when you
tell them how old you are.
Hoard:
Meaning: to collect large amounts of something and keep it
in a safe, often secret, place
Sentence: During the siege people began hoarding food and
supplies.
Horde:
Meaning: a large group of people
Sentence: Hordes of students on bikes made crossing the road
difficult.
Illusion:
Meaning: an idea or belief which is not true
Sentence: He had no illusions about his talents as a singer.
Delusion:
Meaning: when someone believes something that is not true
Sentence: He's under the delusion that he will be promoted
this year.
Persecute:
Meaning: to treat someone unfairly or cruelly over a long
period of time because of their race, religion, or political
beliefs or to annoy someone by refusing to leave them alone
Sentence: Religious minorities were persecuted and massacred
during the ten-year regime.
Prosecute:
Meaning: to officially accuse someone of committing a crime
in a court of law, or (of a lawyer) to try to prove that a
person accused of committing a crime is guilty of that crime
Sentence: He was prosecuted for fraud.
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Prescribe:
Meaning: to say what medical treatment someone should have
Sentence: The drug is often prescribed for ulcers.
Proscribe:
Meaning: to not allow something
Sentence: The Athletics Federation has banned the runner
from future races for using proscribed drugs.
Respectfully:
Meaning: in a way that shows you want to be polite or honor
someone
Sentence: As the body was carried through the crowd, people
drew back respectfully.
Respectively:
Meaning: relating or belonging to each of the separate people
or things you have just mentioned
Sentence: In the 200 meters, Lizzy and Sarah came first and
third respectively.
Complacent:
Meaning: Satisfied
Sentence: We can't afford to become complacent about any of
our products.
Complaisant:
Meaning: willing to please; affably agreeable; obliging
Sentence: Can we really sit back and watch the suffering of
a whole nation and be so complaisant?
Corporal:
Meaning: of the human body; bodily; physical:
Sentence: Nowadays it is not the custom to inflict corporal
punishment in schools.
Corporeal:
Meaning: Of a
material nature; tangible.
Sentence: Corporeal need such as food and drink should
receive due measure of attention.
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Pair of Words from CSS year 2004
Auger:
Meaning: a tool consisting of a twisted rod of metal fixed
to a handle, used for making large holes in wood or in the
ground
Sentence: In order to measure the pH directly; the kit
includes a plastic auger to perforate the ground.
Augur:
Meaning: to be a sign of especially good or bad things in
the future
Sentence: Do you think that this recent ministerial
announcement augurs a shift in government policy?
Fain:
Meaning: glad; ready
Sentence: He is fain to do all things himself.
Feign:
Meaning: to pretend to feel something, usually an emotion
Sentence: You know how everyone feigns surprise when you
tell them how old you are.
Emigrate:
Meaning: to leave a country permanently and go to live in
another one
Sentence: Millions of Germans emigrated from Europe to America in the
nineteenth century.
Immigrate:
Meaning: to come to live in a different country
Sentence: He immigrated with his parents in 1895, and grew
up in London .
Envy:
Meaning: to wish that you had something that another person
has
Sentence: I envy her ability to talk to people she's never
met before.
Jealousy:
Meaning: a feeling of unhappiness and anger because someone
has something that you want
Sentence: The team has performed very badly this season due
to petty jealousies among the players.
Invade:
Meaning: to enter an area of activity in a forceful and
noticeable way
Sentence: Concentrations of troops near the border look set
to invade within the next few days.
Attack:
Meaning: to try to hurt or defeat using violence
Sentence: He was attacked and seriously injured by a gang of
youths.
Trifling:
Meaning: A trifling matter or amount of money is small or
not important
Sentence: It was such a trifling sum of money to argue
about!
Trivial:
Meaning: having little value or importance
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Sentence: I don't know why he gets so upset about something
that is utterly trivial.
Simulation:
Meaning: a model of a set of problems or events that can be
used to teach someone how to do something
Sentence: The manager prepared a computer simulation of
likely sales performance for the rest of the year.
Dissimulation:
Meaning: To conceal one's true feelings or intentions.
Sentence: As an actress she had been trained to dissimulate,
so she had no trouble hiding her true feelings offstage as
well.
Venal:
Meaning: A venal person is willing to behave in a way that
is not honest or moral in exchange for money
Sentence: A venal ruler
Venial:
Meaning: describes a wrong action that is not serious and
therefore easy to forgive
Sentence: Aristocracy is not an institution: aristocracy is
a sin; generally a very venial one.
Pair of Words from CSS year 2005
Counsel:
Meaning: to give advice, especially on social or personal
problems
Sentence: The police have provided experts to counsel local
people affected by the tragedy.
Council:
Meaning: a group of people elected or chosen to make
decisions or give advice on a particular subject, to represent a
particular group of people, or to run a particular
organization
Sentence: This play is supported by a grant from the local
arts council.
Distinct:
Meaning: clearly noticeable; that certainly exists
Sentence: There's a distinct smell of cigarettes in here.
Distinctive:
Meaning: Something that is distinctive is easy to recognize
because it is different from other things
Sentence: She's got a very distinctive voice.
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Apposite:
Meaning: suitable and right for the occasion
Sentence: It is, however, apposite to note that this process
will continue in the year ahead.
Opposite:
Meaning: completely different
Sentence: You'd never know they're sisters - they're completely
opposite to each other in every way.
Deprecate
Meaning: to not approve of something
Sentence: We deprecate this use of company funds for
political purposes.
Depreciate:
Meaning: to (cause something to) lose value, especially over
time
Sentence: Our car depreciated by $1500 in the first year we
owned it.
Punctual:
Meaning: arriving, doing something or happening at the
expected, correct time
Sentence: He's fairly punctual.
Punctilious:
Meaning: very careful to behave correctly or to give
attention to details
Sentence: He was always punctilious in his manners.
Judicial:
Meaning: involving a court of law
Sentence: The defense team will seek a judicial review of
the sentence.
Judicious:
Meaning: having or showing reason and good judgment in
making decisions
Sentence: We should make judicious use of the resources
available to us.
Salutary:
Meaning: causing improvement of behavior or character
Sentence: It is however salutary to remember the genuine
need for originality in the creation of a copyright
protectable database.
Salubrious:
Meaning: describes a place that is pleasant, clean, and
healthy to live in
Sentence: He doesn't live in a very salubrious part of town.
Canvas:
Meaning: a piece of cloth used by artists for painting on,
usually with oil paints, or the painting itself
Sentence: These two canvases by Hockney would sell for £500
000.
Canvass:
Meaning: to try to get political support or votes,
especially by visiting all the houses in an area
Sentence: I've been out canvassing for the Labor Party every
evening this week.
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Pair of Words from CSS year 2006
Voracity:
Meaning: excessive desire to eat
Sentence: On reaching the ship they were offered some bread,
which they devoured with a voracious appetite.
Veracity:
Meaning: the quality of being true, honest or accurate
Sentence: The veracity of the second claim can be tested
against the findings of archeology.
Persecute:
Meaning: to treat someone unfairly or cruelly over a long
period of time because of their race, religion, or political
beliefs or to annoy someone by refusing to leave them alone
Sentence: Religious minorities were persecuted and massacred
during the ten-year regime.
Prosecute:
Meaning: to officially accuse someone of committing a crime
in a court of law, or (of a lawyer) to try to prove that a
person accused of committing a crime is guilty of that crime
Sentence: He was prosecuted for fraud.
Moat:
Meaning: a long wide hole which is dug all the way around a
place such as a castle, and usually filled with water, to
make it more difficult to attack
Sentence: The site of the manor house is surrounded by a
narrow moat which is fed by water from the New River .
Mote:
Meaning: something, especially a bit of dust, that is so
small it is almost impossible to see
Sentence: Dust motes swam alongside the gloomy corridor.
Loath:
Meaning: to be unwilling to do something
Sentence: I'm loath to spend it all at once.
Loathe:
Meaning: to hate someone or something
Sentence: From an early age the brothers have loathed each
other.
Ingenious:
Meaning: very clever and skillful
Sentence: She was ingenious at finding ways to work more
quickly.
Ingenuous:
Meaning: honest, sincere and trusting/ showing innocent or
childlike simplicity and candidness
Sentence: It has to be said it was rather ingenuous of him
to ask a complete stranger to look after his luggage.
Fain:
Meaning: glad; ready
Sentence: He is fain to do all things himself.
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Feign:
Meaning: to pretend to feel something, usually an emotion
Sentence: You know how everyone feigns surprise when you
tell them how old you are.
Immigrant:
Meaning: a person who has come to a different country in
order to live there permanently
Sentence: Illegal immigrants are sent back across the border
if they are caught.
Emigrant:
Meaning: a person who emigrates
Sentence: There was only a small number of emigrants on
board.
Wreck:
Meaning: to destroy or badly damage something
Sentence: Our greenhouse was wrecked in last night's storm.
Wreak:
Meaning: to cause something to happen in a violent and often
uncontrolled way
Sentence: The recent storms have wreaked havoc on crops.
Pair of Words from CSS year 2007
Affluence:
Meaning: having a lot of money or owning a lot of things
Sentence: What we are seeing increasingly is a society of
private affluence and public squalor.
Effluence:
Meaning: a thing that flows out or forth
Sentence: How can Reef Entertainment justify releasing this
effluence on the general public?
Wretch:
Meaning: a person who experiences something unpleasant
Sentence: A gentleman said that a week ago he was the wretch
in the county, but now saved.
Retch:
Meaning: to react in a way as if you are vomiting
Sentence: The sight of blood makes him retch.
Euphemistic:
Meaning: a word or phrase used to avoid saying an unpleasant
or offensive word
Sentence: 'Senior citizen' is a euphemism for 'old person'.
Euphuistic:
Meaning: Affected elegance of language.
Sentence: Euphuistic style has been used in many of his
writings.
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Amoral:
Meaning: without moral principles
Sentence: The spies are younger, less jaded but equally
cynical and still operating in a wholly amoral world.
Immoral:
Meaning: morally wrong
Sentence: It's an immoral tax, because the poor will pay
relatively more.
Imperial:
Meaning: belonging or relating to an empire or the person or
country that rules it
Sentence: Delhi
is a city of two centers, comprising imperial Lutyens architecture and numerous
monuments to the
Moghul Empire.
Imperious:
Meaning: unpleasantly proud and expecting obedience
Sentence: He sent them away with an imperious wave of the
hand.
Degrade:
Meaning: to lower in rank or status
Sentence: He likes to degrade people by calling them
embarrassing names.
Denigrate:
Meaning: to say that someone or something is not good or
important
Sentence: You shouldn't denigrate people just because they
have different beliefs from you.
Temporal:
Meaning: relating to practical matters or physical things,
rather than spiritual ones
Sentence: Her starting point: 'The future is the only
temporal area over which people have power’.
Temporary:
Meaning: not lasting or needed for very long
Sentence: The ceasefire will only provide a temporary
solution to the crisis. (Pair Repeated: 1)
Precipitate:
Meaning: to make something happen suddenly or sooner than
expected
Sentence: Fear of losing her job precipitated her into
action.
Precipitous:
Meaning: sheer
Sentence: Precipitous slopes of Reid's Ridge are visible on
the right.
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Pair of Words from CSS year 2008
Mitigate:
Meaning: to make something less harmful, unpleasant or bad
Sentence: It is unclear how to mitigate the effects of
tourism on the island.
Alleviate:
Meaning: to make something bad such as pain or problems less
severe
Sentence: The drugs did nothing to alleviate her
pain/suffering.
Persecute:
Meaning: to treat someone unfairly or cruelly over a long
period of time because of their race, religion, or political
beliefs or to annoy someone by refusing to leave them alone
Sentence: Religious minorities were persecuted and massacred
during the ten-year regime.
Prosecute:
Meaning: to officially accuse someone of committing a crime
in a court of law, or (of a lawyer) to try to prove that a
person accused of committing a crime is guilty of that crime
Sentence: He was prosecuted for fraud.
Popular:
Meaning: liked, enjoyed or supported by many people
Sentence: She's the most popular teacher in school.
Populace:
Meaning: the ordinary people who live in a particular
country or place
Sentence: Some studies show that workers in the nuclear
industry are more likely than the general populace to get
cancer.
Compliment:
Meaning: remark that expresses approval, admiration or
respect
Sentence: I take it as a compliment when people say I look
like my mother.
Complement:
Meaning: to make something else seem better or more
attractive when combining with it
Sentence: The music complements her voice perfectly.
Excite:
Meaning: to make someone have strong feelings of happiness
and enthusiasm
Sentence: Nothing about my life excites me at present.
Incite:
Meaning: to encourage someone to do or feel something
unpleasant or violent
Sentence: She was expelled for inciting her classmates to
rebel against their teachers.
Voracity:
Meaning: excessive desire to eat
Sentence: On reaching the ship they were offered some bread,
which they devoured with a voracious appetite.
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Veracity:
Meaning: the quality of being true, honest or accurate
Sentence: The veracity of the second claim can be tested
against the findings of archeology.
Virtuous:
Meaning: having good moral qualities and behavior
Sentence: He described them as a virtuous and hard-working
people.
Virtual:
Meaning: describes something that can be done or seen using
a computer and therefore without going anywhere or
talking to anyone
Sentence: In tests, we have found the virtual machine runs
at a reasonable speed.
Exceptional:
Meaning: much greater than usual, especially in skill,
intelligence, quality, etc
Sentence: The Company has shown exceptional growth over the
past two years.
Exceptionable:
Meaning: offensive or upsetting
Sentence: This action is normally only taken in
exceptionable circumstances.
Pair of Words from CSS year 2009
Persecute:
Meaning: to treat someone unfairly or cruelly over a long
period of time because of their race, religion, or political
beliefs or to annoy someone by refusing to leave them alone
Sentence: Religious minorities were persecuted and massacred
during the ten-year regime.
Prosecute:
Meaning: to officially accuse someone of committing a crime
in a court of law, or (of a lawyer) to try to prove that a
person accused of committing a crime is guilty of that crime
Sentence: He was prosecuted for fraud.
Luxuriant:
Meaning: growing thickly, strongly and well
Sentence: This stretch of land was once covered with
luxuriant forest, but is now bare.
Luxurious:
Meaning: very comfortable and expensive
Sentence: They have a very luxurious house.
Mean:
Meaning: to express or represent something such as an idea,
thought, or fact
Sentence: These figures mean that almost 7% of the working
population is unemployed.
Mien:
Meaning: a person's appearance, especially the typical
expression on their face
Sentence: His aristocratic mien and smart clothes singled
him out.
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Observation:
Meaning: when you observe something or someone
Sentence: The police are keeping the suspect under
observation.
Observance:
Meaning: when someone obeys a law or follows a religious
custom
Sentence: The State must enforce the observance of human
rights in its domestic legal order.
Naughty:
Meaning: not behaving properly; mischievous or disobedient
Sentence: Now that's naughty - you mustn't throw food on the
floor!
Knotty:
Meaning: complicated and difficult to solve
Sentence: That's rather a knotty question.
Ghostly:
Meaning: pale and transparent
Sentence: The image is fading which gives the figure a
rather ghostly appearance.
Ghastly:
Meaning: unpleasant and shocking
Sentence: Today's newspaper gives all the ghastly details of
the murder.
Hew:
Meaning: to cut a large piece out of rock, stone or another
hard material in a rough way
Sentence: The monument was hewn out of the side of a
mountain.
Meaning: a particular shade or tint of a given color
Sentence: In the Caribbean
waters there are fish of every hue.
Hoard:
Meaning: to collect large amounts of something and keep it
in a safe, often secret, place
Sentence: During the siege people began hoarding food and
supplies.
Horde:
Meaning: a large group of people
Sentence: Hordes of students on bikes made crossing the road
difficult.
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Pair of Words from CSS year 2010
Adverse:
Meaning: having a negative or harmful effect on something
Sentence: The match has been canceled due to adverse weather
conditions.
Averse:
Meaning: strongly disliking or opposed to
Sentence: Few MPs are averse to the attention of the media.
Maize:
Meaning: a tall plant grown in many parts of the world for
its yellow seeds which are eaten as food, made into flour
or fed to animals
Sentence: Some of our foods may contain ingredients produced
from genetically modified maize.
Maze:
Meaning: An intricate, usually confusing network of
interconnecting pathways
Sentence: The old part of the town was a maze of narrow
passages.
Medal:
Meaning: a small, flat piece of metal with a design or
inscription stamped or inscribed on it, made to commemorate
some event, or awarded for some distinguished action
Sentence: She won three Olympic gold medals.
Meddle:
Meaning: to concern oneself with or take part in other
people's affairs without being asked or needed
Sentence: People shouldn't meddle with things they don't
understand.
Imperial:
Meaning: belonging or relating to an empire or the person or
country that rules it
Sentence: Delhi
is a city of two centers, comprising imperial Lutyens architecture and numerous
monuments to the
Moghul Empire.
Imperious:
Meaning: unpleasantly proud and expecting obedience
Sentence: He sent them away with an imperious wave of the
hand.
Voracity:
Meaning: excessive desire to eat
Sentence: On reaching the ship they were offered some bread,
which they devoured with a voracious appetite.
Veracity:
Meaning: the quality of being true, honest or accurate
Sentence: The veracity of the second claim can be tested
against the findings of archeology.
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Illusion:
Meaning: an idea or belief which is not true
Sentence: He had no illusions about his talents as a singer.
Allusion:
Meaning: something that is said or written that is intended
to make you think of a particular thing or person
Sentence: Her novels are packed with literary
allusions.
Ordinance:
Meaning: a law or rule made by a government or authority
Sentence: City Ordinance 126 forbids car parking in this
area.
Ordnance:
Meaning: all military weapons together with ammunition,
combat vehicles, etc. and the equipment and supplies used
in servicing these
Sentence: Do not touch any military ordnance that may be
found lying around this area.
Willing:
Meaning: to be happy to do something if it is needed
Sentence: You said you needed a volunteer - well, I'm
willing.
Willful:
Meaning: said or done deliberately or intentionally
Sentence: Willful killing is a grave breach.
Pair of Words from CSS year 2011
Capital:
Meaning: a city which is the centre of government of a
country or smaller political area
Sentence: Australia 's
capital city is Canberra .
Capitol:
Meaning: the building in which a state legislature meets
Sentence: A state legislature will meet in a capitol
building.
Assay:
Meaning: an examination or testing
Sentence: A positive result has been obtained in a mouse
lymphoma assay.
Essay:
Meaning: attempt/ a short piece of writing on a particular
subject
Sentence: The Diploma is assessed by three essays of 3,000
words each.
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Envelop:
Meaning: to cover or surround something completely
Sentence: The graveyard looked ghostly, enveloped in mist.
Envelope:
Meaning: a flat, usually square or rectangular, paper
container for a letter
Sentence: A stamped, addressed envelope should be enclosed
for reply.
Decree:
Meaning: an official statement that something must happen
Sentence: More than 200 people were freed by military
decree.
Degree:
Meaning: amount or level of something
Sentence: This job demands a high degree of skill.
Desolate:
Meaning: describes a place that is empty and not attractive
Sentence: The house stood in a bleak and desolate landscape.
Dissolute:
Meaning: immoral
Sentence: He led a dissolute life.
Species:
Meaning: a set of animals or plants in which the members
have similar characteristics to each other
Sentence: Over a hundred species of insect are found in this
area.
Specie:
Meaning: Coined money
Sentence: The next insinuation is that the Bank has refused
specie payments.
Tortuous:
Meaning: not direct or simple
Sentence: He took a tortuous route through back streets.
Torturous:
Meaning: causing torture
Sentence: It was torturous to think that he could have
stopped the boy from running into the road.
Wet:
Meaning: covered in water or another liquid
Sentence: My bike got wet in the rain.
Whet:
Meaning: to increase someone's interest in and wish for
something
Sentence: I've read an excerpt of the book on the Web and
it's whetted my appetite.
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Pair of Words from CSS year 2013
Adjoin:
Meaning: To be next to; be contiguous to
Sentence: A waiting room for friends of patients immediately
adjoins.
Adjourn:
Meaning: To end something either temporarily or permanently
or to postpone it to another time or place.
Sentence: Adjourn to consider its decision.
Allay
Meaning: To make
better or decrease something that is unpleasant.
Sentence: During health questions the health secretary did
not allay my fears.
Ally
Meaning: To join another in a mutually beneficial
relationship.
Sentence: During times of war, Britain
was Poland 's
closest ally.
Click
Meaning: To make or cause a slight, sharp sound, or to be
suddenly clear
Sentence: Please click here to view the found desired web
site.
Clique
Meaning: A small, closed off group of people.
Sentence: A big society exists in order to form cliques.
Distract
Meaning: T o draw someone's attention away from something
and on to something else.
Sentence: You might want to even keep yourself slightly
distracted.
Detract:
Meaning: Reduce or take away the worth or value
Sentence: Your foolish action had detracted my main idea.
Liable
Meaning: Being likely to do or experience something or to
having legal responsibility for something.
Sentence: Chief Officers should be vicariously liable for
the actions of their officers.
Libel
Meaning: A written and published false statement about
someone that damages their reputation.
Sentence: he following year his attacks on the governor of new york led to him
being arrested for seditious
libel.
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Other Important Pair of words
All:
Meaning: every one (of), or the complete amount or number
(of), or the whole (of)
Sentence: All animals have to eat in order to live.
Awl:
Meaning: a small, pointed tool for making holes in wood,
leather, etc.
Sentence: That awl causes loud noise.
Boy:
Meaning: a male child
Sentence: As a young boy, my father used to walk three miles
to school.
Buoy:
Meaning: a floating object on the top of the sea, which is
used for directing ships and warning them of possible
danger
Sentence: The zones for swimming and the zones for water
sports are clearly marked by buoys.
Fallow:
Meaning: describes land that is not planted with crops, in
order to improve the quality of the soil
Sentence: Farmers are eligible for government support if
they let a certain amount of land lie fallow.
Fellow:
Meaning: describes someone who has the same job or interests
as you, or is in the same situation as you
Sentence: She introduced me to some of her fellow students.
Jewry:
Meaning: all the Jews
Sentence: Dr. Lisa is an expert of Latin American Jewry.
Jury:
Meaning: a group of people who have been chosen to listen to
all the facts in a trial in a law court and to decide
whether a person is guilty or not guilty
Sentence: Police officers aren't usually allowed to be on a
jury.
Functional:
Meaning: designed to be practical and useful rather than
attractive
Sentence: Project work is used to integrate material and
make knowledge functional.
Dysfunctional:
Meaning: not behaving or working normally
Sentence: The craftsman is likely to seem dysfunctional in a
culture of innovation and change.
Yew:
Meaning: an evergreen tree with flat leaves like needles and
small red cones, or the wood from this tree
Sentence: There is little sound except for the breeze
stirring in the churchyard yew trees.
Eue:
Meaning: Unable to find this word in dictionaries
Sentence: An eue passed in his life which made him dull for
an year.
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Allusive:
Meaning: containing a lot of allusions
Sentence: Her music is allusive.
Elusive:
Meaning: difficult to describe, find, achieve or remember
Sentence: The answers to these questions remain as elusive
as ever.
Ladylike:
Meaning: graceful, controlled and behaving in a way that is
socially acceptable for a woman
Sentence: Laura is very ladylike and elegant.
Ladyship:
Meaning: a respectful way of referring to or talking to a
woman or girl who has the rank of a peer or knight without
using her title
Sentence: We are honored to welcome your ladyship here
tonight.
Differ:
Meaning: to be not like something or someone else, either
physically or in another way
Sentence: The twins look alike, but they differ in temperament.
Defer:
Meaning: to delay something until a later time; to postpone
Sentence: My bank has agreed to defer the repayments on my
loan while I'm still a student.
Conscious:
Meaning: to notice that a particular thing or person exists
or is present
Sentence: I think she's very conscious of being the only
person in the office who didn't have a university education.
Conscience:
Meaning: the part of you that judges how moral your own
actions are and makes you feel guilty about bad things
that you have done
Sentence: You didn't do anything wrong - you should have a
clear conscience.
Confidant:
Meaning: a person you trust and share your feelings and
secrets with
Sentence: Within a few short years he was a trusted
confidant.
Confidante:
Meaning: a woman or girl confidant
Sentence: Within a few short years he was a trusted
confidant.
Atheist:
Meaning: someone who believes that God or gods do not exist
Sentence: I know an atheist who says ' Oh god!
Agnostic:
Meaning: someone who does not know, or believes that it is
impossible to know, whether a god exists
Sentence: Although he was raised a Catholic, he was an
agnostic for most of his adult life.
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Loose:
Meaning: not firmly fixed in place
Sentence: There were some loose wires hanging out of the
wall.
Lose:
Meaning: to no longer have something because you do not know
where it is, or because it has been taken away from
you
Sentence: I've lost my ticket.
Briefing:
Meaning: information that is given to someone just before
they do something or a meeting where this happens
Sentence: They received thorough briefing before they left
the country.
Debriefing:
Meaning: to question someone in detail about work they have
done for you
Sentence: The pilots were thoroughly debriefed after every
mission.
Dual:
Meaning: with two parts, or combining two things
Sentence: This room has a dual purpose, serving as both a
study and a dining room.
Duel:
Meaning: a formal fight in the past, using guns or swords,
arranged between two people as a way of deciding an
argument
Sentence: The composer Strauss was once challenged to a
duel.
Compliment:
Meaning: remark that expresses approval, admiration or
respect
Sentence: I take it as a compliment when people say I look
like my mother.
Complement:
Meaning: to make something else seem better or more
attractive when combining with it
Sentence: The music complements her voice perfectly.
Altogether:
Meaning: completely or in total
Sentence: The government ought to abolish the tax
altogether.
All together:
Meaning: all at the same time
Sentence: The last time we were all together was in 1999.
Ambiguous:
Meaning: having or expressing more than one possible
meaning, sometimes intentionally
Sentence: His reply to my question was somewhat ambiguous.
Ambivalent:
Meaning: having two opposing feelings at the same time, or
being uncertain about how you feel
Sentence: I felt very ambivalent about leaving home.
Appraise:
Meaning: to examine someone or something in order to judge
their qualities, success or needs
Sentence: At the end of each teaching practice, trainee
teachers are asked to appraise their own performance.
Apprise:
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Meaning: to tell someone about something
Sentence: The President has been apprised of the
situation.
Bad:
Meaning: unpleasant; causing difficulties or harm
Sentence: Our holiday was spoiled by bad weather.
Badly:
Meaning: in a severe and harmful way
Sentence: She was badly affected by the events in her
childhood.
Compare:
Meaning: to examine or look for the difference between two
or more things
Sentence: If you compare house prices in the two areas, it's
quite amazing how different they are.
Contrast:
Meaning: an obvious difference between two or more things
Sentence: The antique furnishing provides an unusual
contrast to the modernity of the building.
Deduce:
Meaning: to reach an answer or a decision by thinking
carefully about the known facts
Sentence: We cannot deduce very much from these figures.
Imply:
Meaning: to communicate an idea or feeling without saying it
directly
Sentence: I detected an implied criticism of the way he was
treated.
Differ from:
Meaning: to be not like something or someone else, either
physically or in another way
Sentence: His views differ considerably from those of his
parents.
Differ with:
Meaning: to disagree
Sentence: I beg to differ with you on that point.
Farther:
Meaning: to a greater distance
Sentence: The fog's so thick, I can't see farther than about
ten meters.
Further:
Meaning: to a greater distance or degree; at a more advanced
level
Sentence: We discussed the problem but we didn't get much
further in actually solving it.
Occlude:
Meaning: to close, shut, or block
Sentence: I try to set the end distance (at which the fog
totally occludes everything) no lower than 4000.
Occult:
Meaning: relating to magical powers and activities, such as
those of witchcraft and astrology
Sentence: She claims to have occult powers, given to her by
some mysterious spirit.
Practical:
Meaning: relating to experience, real situations or actions
rather than ideas or imagination
Sentence: Qualifications are important but practical
experience is always an advantage.
Practicable:
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Meaning: able to be done or put into action
Sentence: The troops will be brought home as soon as
practicable.
Raze:
Meaning: to completely destroy a city, building, etc
Sentence: The town was razed to the ground in the bombing
raid - not a building was left standing.
Raise:
Meaning: to lift something to a higher position
Sentence: Would all those in favor please raise their hands?
Canon:
Meaning: a Christian priest with special duties in a
cathedral
Sentence: He was first appointed as a residentiary canon and
only became Chancellor after several years with us.
Cannon:
Meaning: a large, mounted piece of artillery; sometimes,
specif., a large gun with a relatively short barrel, as a
howitzer
Sentence: Instead of eight machine guns, it now had twelve,
or four 20mm cannon.
Avenge:
Meaning: to do harm to or punish the person responsible for
something bad done to you
Sentence: He swore he would avenge his brother's death.
Revenge:
Meaning: harm done to someone as a punishment for harm that
they have done to someone else
Sentence: He is believed to have been shot by a rival gang
in revenge for the shootings last week.
Caret:
Meaning: a mark (‸) used in writing or in correcting
proof, to show where something is to be inserted
Sentence: Some screen readers use the system caret to
determine which area of the screen to read or magnify.
Carat:
Meaning: a unit for measuring the weight of jewels
Sentence: 24-carat gold is the purest.
Revel:
Meaning: to separate the parts, esp. threads
Sentence: The road raveled rapidly and became merely a pile
of loose stones.
Reveal:
Meaning: to make known or show something that is surprising
or that was previously secret
Sentence: He was jailed for revealing secrets to the
Russians.
Aviary:
Meaning: a large cage or closed space in which birds are
kept as pets
Sentence: I have an aviary with 17 birds.
Apiary:
Meaning: a place where people keep bees, especially a
collection of hives kept to provide honey
Sentence: I once visited an apiary where there were numerous
cardboard boxes scattered around.
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Demeane:
Meaning: Unable to find in dictionaries
Sentence: Unable to find in dictionaries
Demean:
Meaning: to cause someone to become less respected
Sentence: The entire family was demeaned by his behavior.
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